The study was undertaken on the Red Chittagong Cow (RCC) community farms of five Upazilla (sub-district) at Chittagong area of Bangladesh from July 2010 to June 2011 to estimate the genetic progress of RCC, local and crossbred (Holstein × Local) cows and to study the karyotype of RCC. The genetic progress per generation of individual trait of the objective in the index for RCC, Local and Holstein × Local were estimated through deterministic approach and it was indicated that RCC showed higher gains than local cows. The rate of higher genetic gains for the individual trait indicated that these traits are responsible in effective selection programme for their improvement. For karyotyping of RCC, 100 blood samples from the RC cows were collected in heparinised vacutainers from jugular venupuncture. The blood samples were cultured using standard protocols and metaphase slides were prepared and observed under microscope. The diploid chromosome complement, 58+2 (XX or XY) was observed of RCC. On the basis of the position of the centromare acrocentric chromosome was highest (42%) than telocentic and metacentric chromosome and the telocentic chromosome was lowest (17%).